Eating Disorders

 

Denoma, J.M., Gordon, K.H., Bardone, A., Vohs, K.D., Abramson, L.Y., Heatherton, T., & Joiner, T.E. (in press). A Test of an Interactive Model of Bulimic Symptomatology in Adult Women. Behavior Therapy.

     An interactive model of bulimic symptom development, first suggested by Vohs et al. (1999), was tested in adult women (mean age = 45.19).  The hypothesis that women high in perfectionism, low in self-esteem, and who perceive themselves as overweight would be the most likely to experience an increase in bulimic symptoms was examined in a longitudinal design over 2.5 years.  Results supported the model with regard to maintenance and exacerbation, but not onset, of bulimic symptoms.  Furthermore, the interactive model was tested to see if it showed specificity to bulimic, versus depressive or anxious, symptoms.  Some support for the model’s specificity to bulimic symptoms was observed; however, the increase of anxious symptoms was also observed.  Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.

 

Gordon, K.H., Brattole, M., Wingate, L. & Joiner, T.E. Jr. The impact of client race on clinician detection of eating disorders. Behavior Therapy.

    Eating disorders are thought to occur less among African-American women than among women of other ethnic groups. Ninety-one clinicians read 1 of 3 passages (differing only with regards to the girl’s race: African-American, Caucasian, or Hispanic) describing disturbed eating patterns of a fictional character named Mary. Participants were then asked to indicate if they thought Mary had a problem and to rate her anxiety, depression, and eating disorder symptoms based upon the passage they had read.  The results suggest that clinicians may have race-based stereotypes about eating disorders that could impede their detection of symptoms in African-American girls.

 

Gordon, K.H., Denoma, J.M., Bardone, A., Abramson, L.Y., & Joiner,T.E. (2005).  Self-Competence and the Prediction of Bulimic Symptomsin Older Women.  Behavior Therapy, 36(2), 169-175.

    Previous research in undergraduate women has demonstrated that an individual's level of self-competence was a stronger predictor of bulimic symptom change than their level of self-liking (Bardone, Perez, Abramson, & Joiner, 2003). The authors examined whether self-competence would similarly predict bulimic symptom change in a sample of older women. In April 2000, a large group of adults attending mood disorder conferences completed questionnaires about eating disorder symptoms and self-esteem. Approximately 2.5 years later, 150 women, 45 years of age and older, were contacted for a follow-up study. Eighty-eight women completed follow-up eating disorder and self-esteem measures. Consistent with prior research, self-competence emerged as a stronger predictor of bulimic symptom change than self-liking, such that lower self-competence was associated with an increase in bulimic symptoms. The results indicate that self-competence may serve as a useful prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for older women seeking treatment for eating disorders.

 

Maner, J. K., Denoma, J. M., Van Orden, K. A., Gailliot, M. T., Gordon, K. H., & Joiner T. E. (in press).  Evidence for Attentional Bias in Women Exhibiting Bulimotypic Symptoms.  International Journal of Eating Disorders.

     Objective: One of the defining features of bulimia is a pervasive tendency to focus on and evaluate one’s own body. The extent to which bulimotypic symptoms are associated with biases in attention to other individuals in the social world is less well known. In the current study, we examined the relationship between bulimotypic symptoms and biases in attention to other men and women. Method: A sample of undergraduate women performed a visual cueing task designed to assess attention to target faces varying in their sex and level of attractiveness. Results: Women with relatively high levels of bulimotypic symptomatology tended to dwell on attractive female faces, but not other faces. This attentional bias was not attributable to perfectionistic ideals, body dissatisfaction, or self-esteem. Discussion: Findings could reflect a link between disordered eating and the perception of competitive threat in other attractive women.